Tretinoin, also known as all-trans retinoic acid, is a derivative of vitamin A renowned primarily for its prowess in treating acne and other skin conditions. This medication has been a cornerstone in dermatological therapy for over five decades, offering benefits for photoaging, skin texture, and pigment disorders. However, emerging research suggests tretinoin’s role might extend beyond the skin, influencing areas such as oncology and neurology. At its core, tretinoin functions by modulating gene expression.
As a powerful retinoid, it interacts with nuclear receptors, influencing the transcription of genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. This action is critical in its application against acne, where it increases turnover of follicular epithelial cells, thus reducing the formation of comedones and inflammatory lesions. In the realm of dermatology, tretinoin's utility has been well-documented.
